Blue highlight: Vocab word

Green highlight: Definition

Light Green Highlight: More info about a vocab word

Bold: Especially important information.

WH1 Topic 4 #2-3 Vocab Quiz Study Guide

Objectives to study for quiz:

Explain the global spread & consequences of chinese inventions & technologies (lesson 2)

Analyze Agricultural revolution (arab or green) in Africa & diffusion of plants from Africa → Asia → medieval spain and construction of large scale irrigation (lesson 3)

Note: Pay attention to bolded sentences, important inventions by the chinese, key things associated with the arab agricultural revolution

Possible Vocab to study for the quiz:

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Literacy: The ability to read and write

Gunpowder: An explosive consisting of a powdered mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal

Agricultural revolution: Big changes in the traditional agriculture, advances in agriculture

Muslim: A follower of the religion Islam.

Cultural diffusion: Culture spreading/ being adapted through parts of the world thru the people traveling, talking, trading, etc

Culture: Customs, arts, social institutions, achievements, religion, language, foods, fashion of a certain nation or people- makes the people who they are

Hajj: Religious journey for Muslims, a pilgrimage to Mecca

Pilgrim: A person who journeys to a sacred place for religious purposes

Pilgrimage: A religious journey

Irrigation: The supply of water to land or crops to help growth, typically by means of channels

Textile: A type of woven cloth/fabric OR the other definition I saw: finished cloth, fully processed wool or cotton

Medicines: Most of the new crops that were at the core of the Arab Agricultural Revolution, eg. exotic plants

Supply and Demand: The number of people who want to buy a product and how easy it is to make that product determines the price.

Low Supply + High Demand = High Price
High Supply + Low Demand = Low Price

Cotton: A plant used to make a textile. Also, the cloth made from cotton.

Interdependence: The dependence of 2 or more people/things on each other

Arabs: A member of a Semitic people, originally from the Arabian peninsula and neighboring territories, inhabiting much of the Middle East and North Africa.

Magnetic compass: China used this to advance as a sea power, helping cultural diffusion by helping technology spread west. Sometimes used in fortune-telling.

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Hopefully the important parts of each section

Chinese inventions preserve classical learning

Paper:

When it was made, became more convenient for chinese gov to document things
Invention of paper helped development of large scale commercial economy in China

They used paper currency instead of metal cash

Books were made with cheap paper, not silk, therefore less expensive and more accessible to more people

It was easier for education to spread, more education for population = higher population literacy rate/more literate society

Printing:

Block type: Used to print out pages again and again
Moveable type: You could choose which characters you wanted, to print whatever you wanted.
More texts were able to be printed and copied from this invention
More efficient to copy important texts so learning can be transferred through the ages, learning transferred from generation to generation

Gunpowder:

Used and made for technology like weapons & bombs & rockets
Mongols mainly spread the use of gunpowder
China also brought gunpowder w/ them to conquests
Counts as cultural diffusion

Magnetic compass:

China used this to advance as a sea power, therefore also becoming a huge vessel of cultural diffusion as they let technology started to spread west
Sometimes used as fortune-tellers
The chinese rely on the use of ocean trade w/ use of the compass

Arab Agricultural Revolution

Introduction:

Called the Arab Agricultural revolution because arabs did a lot more to spread knowledge throughout the world
Islam spread rapidly to other continents in the 7th and 8th centuries

Probably also because Muslims traveled a lot, therefore spreading islam and initiating cultural diffusion
followed by an Agricultural Revolution

New agricultural ideas spread from India by Arabs or those they conquered
- Arabs from india spread crops to new climates
Arab Agricultural Revolution changed economies of many regions
Agricultural process led to more stable economy
More jobs available for people
Larger families started appearing
Impacted trade, communications, and central administration

Cultural Diffusion:

Muslim conquests of early islamic world

United a large part of the world under a language, religion, & rule
Conquests on Africa, Asia, & Europe
Helped people come together & share ideas and do trade w/ new plants grown in different regions

Interdependence, one part of the world relies on the other and the same goes for the other half of the world

Process of conquests and settlement of people = acceleration of cultural diffusion
Religious journeys like the Hajj bring together muslims from throughout the whole world, muslims journey a lot throughout this period = cultural diffusion as people begin to meet new people

Their flow of travel was from India & Persia to Morroco & spain, East → west
Indian & persian culture sought after by westerners

3 MAIN COMPONENTS OF ARAB AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION:

New crops
Farming system
Irrigation technology

End result of diffusion = new strengthened civilization

The Pull of Demand

Exotic plants were imported from far-away places by rich people, with a low SUPPLY and low DEMAND. While the demand wasn’t spread among many people, the rich wanted them enough to keep the travelers in business. However, the less wealthy caught on and the demand for these crops increased. Eventually, people learned how to grow these plants themselves and the supply increased and the price decreased.
Exotic plants: Medicines, textiles (cotton), food.
The wealthy played a big role in spreading new tastes in early islamic society

Like trend setting, celebs wear new clothes that inspire their fans, starting a trend etc

Diffusion accelerated in Spain, small shops copy each others practices
Arab conquests brought improvements to irrigation systems, more cultural diffusion
Contributions of early islamic leading to development of irrigation is responsible for much of diffusion in the era

Conclusion:

👁️👄👁️ I think we done here