Blue highlight: Vocab word
Green highlight: Definition
Light Green Highlight: More info about a vocab word
Bold: Especially important information.
WH1 Topic 4 #2-3 Vocab Quiz Study Guide
Objectives to study for quiz:
Explain the global spread & consequences of chinese inventions & technologies (lesson 2)
Analyze Agricultural revolution (arab or green) in Africa & diffusion of plants from Africa → Asia → medieval spain and construction of large scale irrigation (lesson 3)
Note: Pay attention to bolded sentences, important inventions by the chinese, key things associated with the arab agricultural revolution
Possible Vocab to study for the quiz:
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Literacy: The ability to read and write
Gunpowder: An explosive consisting of a powdered mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal
Agricultural revolution: Big changes in the traditional agriculture, advances in agriculture
Muslim: A follower of the religion Islam.
Cultural diffusion: Culture spreading/ being adapted through parts of the world thru the people traveling, talking, trading, etc
Culture: Customs, arts, social institutions, achievements, religion, language, foods, fashion of a certain nation or people- makes the people who they are
Hajj: Religious journey for Muslims, a pilgrimage to Mecca
Pilgrim: A person who journeys to a sacred place for religious purposes
Pilgrimage: A religious journey
Irrigation: The supply of water to land or crops to help growth, typically by means of channels
Textile: A type of woven cloth/fabric OR the other definition I saw: finished cloth, fully processed wool or cotton
Medicines: Most of the new crops that were at the core of the Arab Agricultural Revolution, eg. exotic plants
Supply and Demand: The number of people who want to buy a product and how easy it is to make that product determines the price.
- Low Supply + High Demand = High Price
- High Supply + Low Demand = Low Price
Cotton: A plant used to make a textile. Also, the cloth made from cotton.
Interdependence: The dependence of 2 or more people/things on each other
Arabs: A member of a Semitic people, originally from the Arabian peninsula and neighboring territories, inhabiting much of the Middle East and North Africa.
Magnetic compass: China used this to advance as a sea power, helping cultural diffusion by helping technology spread west. Sometimes used in fortune-telling.
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Hopefully the important parts of each section
Chinese inventions preserve classical learning
Paper:
- When it was made, became more convenient for chinese gov to document things
- Invention of paper helped development of large scale commercial economy in China
- They used paper currency instead of metal cash
- Books were made with cheap paper, not silk, therefore less expensive and more accessible to more people
- It was easier for education to spread, more education for population = higher population literacy rate/more literate society
Printing:
- Block type: Used to print out pages again and again
- Moveable type: You could choose which characters you wanted, to print whatever you wanted.
- More texts were able to be printed and copied from this invention
- More efficient to copy important texts so learning can be transferred through the ages, learning transferred from generation to generation
Gunpowder:
- Used and made for technology like weapons & bombs & rockets
- Mongols mainly spread the use of gunpowder
- China also brought gunpowder w/ them to conquests
- Counts as cultural diffusion
Magnetic compass:
- China used this to advance as a sea power, therefore also becoming a huge vessel of cultural diffusion as they let technology started to spread west
- Sometimes used as fortune-tellers
- The chinese rely on the use of ocean trade w/ use of the compass
Arab Agricultural Revolution
Introduction:
- Called the Arab Agricultural revolution because arabs did a lot more to spread knowledge throughout the world
- Islam spread rapidly to other continents in the 7th and 8th centuries
- Probably also because Muslims traveled a lot, therefore spreading islam and initiating cultural diffusion
- followed by an Agricultural Revolution
- New agricultural ideas spread from India by Arabs or those they conquered
- Arabs from india spread crops to new climates
- Arab Agricultural Revolution changed economies of many regions
- Agricultural process led to more stable economy
- More jobs available for people
- Larger families started appearing
- Impacted trade, communications, and central administration
Cultural Diffusion:
Muslim conquests of early islamic world
- United a large part of the world under a language, religion, & rule
- Conquests on Africa, Asia, & Europe
- Helped people come together & share ideas and do trade w/ new plants grown in different regions
- Interdependence, one part of the world relies on the other and the same goes for the other half of the world
- Process of conquests and settlement of people = acceleration of cultural diffusion
- Religious journeys like the Hajj bring together muslims from throughout the whole world, muslims journey a lot throughout this period = cultural diffusion as people begin to meet new people
- Their flow of travel was from India & Persia to Morroco & spain, East → west
- Indian & persian culture sought after by westerners
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3 MAIN COMPONENTS OF ARAB AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION:
- New crops
- Farming system
- Irrigation technology
- End result of diffusion = new strengthened civilization
The Pull of Demand
- Exotic plants were imported from far-away places by rich people, with a low SUPPLY and low DEMAND. While the demand wasn’t spread among many people, the rich wanted them enough to keep the travelers in business. However, the less wealthy caught on and the demand for these crops increased. Eventually, people learned how to grow these plants themselves and the supply increased and the price decreased.
- Exotic plants: Medicines, textiles (cotton), food.
- The wealthy played a big role in spreading new tastes in early islamic society
- Like trend setting, celebs wear new clothes that inspire their fans, starting a trend etc
- Diffusion accelerated in Spain, small shops copy each others practices
- Arab conquests brought improvements to irrigation systems, more cultural diffusion
- Contributions of early islamic leading to development of irrigation is responsible for much of diffusion in the era
Conclusion:
👁️👄👁️ I think we done here
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